Galois Theory and Integral Models of Λ-rings

We show that any Λ-ring, in the sense of Riemann–Roch theory, which is finite étale over the rational numbers and has an integral model as a Λ-ring is contained in a product of cyclotomic fields. In fact, we show that the category of them is described in a Galois-theoretic way in terms of the monoid of pro-finite integers under multiplication and the cyclotomic character. We also study the maximality of these integral models and give a more precise, integral version of the result above. These results reveal an interesting relation between Λ-rings and class field theory.